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Jose ben Halafta
Rabbi Jose ben Halafta or Yose ben Halafta (alt. Halpetha) (Hebrew: רבי יוסי בן חלפתא), was a Tanna of the fourth generation (2nd century CE). Jose was a student of Rabbi Akiva and was regarded as one of the foremost scholars of halakha and aggadah of his day. He was a teacher and mentor to, among other notables, Judah ha-Nasi and thus is prominently mentioned in the Mishnah, being the fifth most frequently mentioned sage in the Mishnah.〔Drew Kaplan, ("Rabbinic Popularity in the Mishnah VII: Top Ten Overall [Final Tally] ) ''Drew Kaplan's Blog'' (5 July 2011).〕 Of the many Rabbi Yose's in the Talmud, Yose Ben Halafta is the one who is simply referred to as Rabbi Yose.
==Biography==
Of Jose's life only the following details are known: He was born at Sepphoris; but his family was of Babylonian-Jewish origin.〔''Yoma'', 66b.〕 According to a genealogical chart found at Jerusalem, he was a descendant of Jonadab ben Rechab.〔''Yerushalmi Ta'anit'', iv. 2; ''Genesis Rabba'', xcviii. 13.〕 He was one of Akiba's five principal pupils, called "the restorers of the Law,"〔''Yevamot'', 63b.〕 who were afterward ordained by Judah ben Baba.〔''Sanhedrin'', 14a.〕 He was, besides, a pupil of Johanan ben Nuri, whose halakhot he transmitted〔Tosefta, Kelim, ''Bava Kamma'', lxxxii. 7; ''Bava Batra'', lxxxvii.〕 and of Eutolemus.〔''Eruvin'', 35a; ''Rosh Hashanah'', 15a.〕 It is very likely that he studied much under his father, Halafta, whose authority he invokes in several instances.〔''Bava Kamma'', 70a; ''Megillah'', 17b.〕 But his principal teacher was Akiba, whose system he followed in his interpretation of the Law.〔''Pesahim'', 18a; ''Yevamot'', 62b.〕 After having been ordained in violation of a Roman edict,〔''Sanhedrin'', l.c.〕 Jose fled to Asia Minor,〔''Bava Metzia'', 84a.〕 where he stayed till the edict was abrogated. Later he settled at Usha, then the seat of the Sanhedrin. As he remained silent when his fellow pupil Simeon bar Yohai once attacked the Roman government in his presence, he was forced by the Romans to return to Sepphoris,〔''Shabbat'', 33b.〕 which he found in a decaying state.〔''Bava Batra'', 75b.〕 He established there a flourishing school; and it seems that he died there.〔''Sanhedrin'', 109a; compare ''Yerushalmi Avodah Zarah'', iii. 1.〕 Jose's great learning attracted so many pupils that the words "that which is altogether just shalt thou follow"〔''Deuteronomy'', xvi. 20.〕 were interpreted to mean in part "follow Jose to Sepphoris".〔''Sanhedrin'', 32b.〕 He was highly extolled after his death. His pupil Judah ha-Nasi said: "The difference between Jose's generation and ours is like the difference between the Holy of Holies and the most profane."〔''Yerushalmi Gittin'', vi. 9.〕
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